Dictionary and Encyclopedia

Dictionary

  • If there is no author for the entry, put the title in place of the author.
  • Include the edition number after the title of the reference work.

Print example

Author Surname [of Article], First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Article title. In Editor First Initial. Second Initial. Surname (Ed.), Reference book title: Subtitle (# ed. edition, Vol. volume #, pp. page range of article). Place of Publication: Publisher.

Print example - No author or editor or date

Book title: Subtitle. (n.d.). Place of Publication: Publisher.

In text example

 Reference list examples

 In-text citation (paraphrase or direct quotation): 

(VandenBos, 2007).

(VandenBos, 2007, p.145).

 
APA 6th edition recommends including page numbers where relevant and possible.
 

Print example

VandenBos, G. R. (Ed.). (2007). APA dictionary of psychology. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

 

 

Online Dictionary

  • In general, include the same elements, in the same order, that you would for a reference to a non-electronic source. 
  • If there is no author for the entry, put the title in place of the author.
  • If the online version refers to a print edition, include the edition number after the title of the reference work.
  • When DOIs (digital object identifiers) are available, use them instead of web addresses.
  • DOI numbers are often located on the first page of an article near the copyright notice.
  • If no DOI is available, provide the home page URL of the journal or of the book or report publisher, not the URL of the article as retrieved from a database search. Do not place a period after the URL. 
  • The retrieval date need only be included if the content is likely to change, as with Wikis.

Online example (specific entry)

Author, A. (Date). Title of article or segment. In A. A. Editor (Ed.), Title of dictionary. (xxth ed.). doi: xxxxxxxxxx [OR: Retrieved from web address]

Online example - No author or editor or date (specific entry)
Title of entry. (n.d.). Title of reference work (xxth ed.). doi: xxxxxxxxxx [OR: Retrieved from web address]

In text example

 Reference list examples

 In-text citation (dictionary): 

. . .(Cambridge dictionaries online, 2011).

.

 

 In-text citation (specific entry, no date):

Heuristic is defined as “. . ..” (Heuristic, n.d.).

Online dictionary example

Cambridge dictionaries online. (2011). Retrieved from http://dictionary.cambridge.org/  

Specific entry example (no date)

Heuristic. (n.d.). In Merriam-Webster’sonline dictionary (11th ed.). Retrieved from http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/heuristic

 

 

Encyclopedia

If there is no author for the entry, put the title in place of the author.

 
Print example
Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Article title. In A. A. Editor (Ed.), Title of encyclopedia. (xxth ed.). Place of Publication: Publisher.

Print example 

No author or editor or date

Title of entry. (n.d.). Title of reference work (xxth ed.). Place of Publication: Publisher.

In text example

 Reference list examples

 In-text citation (paraphrase or direct quotation): 

(Author Surname [of Article], Year)     OR
(Author Surname [of Article], Year, page number)
 
 APA 6th edition recommends including page numbers where possible and relevant. 

 Print example:

Lindgren, H. C. (1994). Stereotyping. In Encyclopedia of psychology (Vol. 3, pp. 468-469). New York, NY: Wiley.