Referencing - Audio
Guidelines
This is for referencing a single podcast episode.
Include the host(s) role in brackets after their name.
Provide the (year, month, day) on which the podcast episode first aired.
If possible, provide the episode number after the episode title, for example: (No. 5).
Include the type of podcast in square brackets, for example: [Audio podcast episode]
If the podcast episode is accessed via an app, you can omit the URL from the reference.
In-text Citation
(Authors, Year)
Reference List
Hosts. (Role). (Year, Month, Day). Episode title (episode number) [Type of podcast]. In [Podcast title]. Publisher. URL.
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In-Text Example |
Reference List Example |
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(Hannah-Jones, 2019)
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Hannah-Jones, N. (Host). (2019, September 13). How the bad blood started (No. 4) [Audio podcast episode]. In 1619. The New York Times. https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/episode-4-how-the-bad-blood-started/id1476928106?i=1000449718223
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Guidelines
This is for referencing a podcast series.
If the podcast is still on air, provide the year that the podcast started airing and replace the end year with "present", for example: (2018-present)
If a podcast started and ended on the same year, just provide that year once, for example: (2019).
For further information see: Podcast References (APA Style)
In-text Citation
(Author, Start-End Year)
References List
Author OR Author screen name. (Host OR Producer). (Start-End Year). Title of podcast [Audio podcast]. URL.
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In-Text Example |
Reference List Example |
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In-Text Citation (Van Nuys, 2005-present) |
Podcast: Van Nuys, D. (Producer). (2005-present). All shows [Audio podcast]. Shrink Rap Radio. http://www.shrinkrapradio.com/
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Guidelines
For music albums that are produced by multiple labels, insert all of the labels in alphabetical order with a semi-colon between each label.
When citing a classical music album, provide the original year of publication for the work in addition to the publication date of the version that is being cited.
For classical music albums, include the music label of the work using "Album recorded by" after the album title.
Music Album
Classical Music Album
In-text Citation
(Artist, original year/ publication year)
References List
Artist. (Year). Album title [Album recorded by Artist]. Music label. (Original work published in Year)
Song or Track from an Album
Artist. (Year). Title of work [Song]. On Name of Album. Music label.
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In-text example |
References list example |
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In-text citation: (BTS, 2014)
In-text citation: (Handel, 1717/1966)
In-text citation: (Ronson, 2019)
(Swift, 2016)
In-text citation: (Beyonce, 2016)
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Music album BTS. (2014). Dark & wild [Album]. BigHit Entertainment; LOEN Entertainment; Pony Canyon. Classical music album Handel, G. F. (1966). Water music [Album recorded by The Hague Philharmonic Orchestra]. Nonesuch. (Original work published 1717). Music recording - song: If the composer and recording artist are the same: Ronson, M. (feat. Cabello, C.) (2019). Find u again [Song]. On Late Night Feelings. Columbia.
If the composer and recording artist are different: Swift, T. (2016). Better man [Recorded by Little Big Town]. On The Breaker. Capitol.
Single song or track: Beyonce. (2016). Formation [Song]. On Lemonade. Parkwood; Columbia. |
Guidelines
- - Specify the format in square brackets after the title, eg. [Audiobook]
- - Give the commercial URL of the audiobook supplier, do not use the URL of the individual audiobook
- - To directly quote from an audiovisual work (e.g., audiobook), provide a time stamp for the beginning of the quotation in the in-text citation.
In-text Citation
(Author, year, timestamp)
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In text example |
References list example |
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In-Text Citation (Young, 2006, 5:10) |
References Young, J. K. (2006). Human anatomy: The beauty of form and function [Audiobook]. https://www.audiobooks.com |