Referencing - Audio
Guidelines
-This is for referencing a single podcast episode.
-Include the host(s) role in brackets after their name.
-Provide the (year, month, day) on which the podcast episode first aired.
-If possible, provide the episode number after the episode title, for example: (No. 5).
-Include the type of podcast in square brackets, for example: [Audio podcast episode]
-If the podcast episode is accessed via an app, you can omit the URL from the reference.
In-text Citation
(Authors, Year)
Reference List
Hosts. (Role). (Year, Month, Day). Episode title (episode number) [Type of podcast]. In [Podcast title]. Publisher. URL.
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In-Text Example |
Reference List Example |
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(Hannah-Jones, 2019)
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Hannah-Jones, N. (Host). (2019, September 13). How the bad blood started (No. 4) [Audio podcast episode]. In 1619. The New York Times. https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/episode-4-how-the-bad-blood-started/id1476928106?i=1000449718223
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Guidelines
-This is for referencing a podcast series.
-If the podcast is still on air, provide the year that the podcast started airing and replace the end year with "present", for example: (2018-present)
-If a podcast started and ended on the same year, just provide that year once, for example: (2019).
In-text Citation
(Author, Start-End Year)
References List
Author OR Author screen name. (Host OR Producer). (Start-End Year). Title of podcast [Audio podcast]. URL.
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In-Text Example |
Reference List Example |
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In-Text Citation (Van Nuys, 2005-present) |
Podcast: Van Nuys, D. (Producer). (2005-present). All shows [Audio podcast]. Shrink Rap Radio. http://www.shrinkrapradio.com/
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For further information see:
Podcast References (APA Style)
Guidelines
-For music albums that are produced by multiple labels, insert all of the labels in alphabetical order with a semi-colon between each label.
-When citing a classical music album, provide the original year of publication for the work in addition to the publication date of the version that is being cited.
-For classical music albums, include the music label of the work using "Album recorded by" after the album title.
Music Album
Classical Music Album
In-text Citation
(Artist, original year/ publication year)
References List
Artist. (Year). Album title [Album recorded by Artist]. Music label. (Original work published in Year)
Song or Track from an Album
Artist. (Year). Title of work [Song]. On Name of Album. Music label.
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In-text example |
References list example |
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In-text citation: (BTS, 2014)
In-text citation: (Handel, 1717/1966)
In-text citation: (Ronson, 2019)
(Swift, 2016)
In-text citation: (Beyonce, 2016)
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Music album BTS. (2014). Dark & wild [Album]. BigHit Entertainment; LOEN Entertainment; Pony Canyon. Classical music album Handel, G. F. (1966). Water music [Album recorded by The Hague Philharmonic Orchestra]. Nonesuch. (Original work published 1717). Music recording - song: If the composer and recording artist are the same: Ronson, M. (feat. Cabello, C.) (2019). Find u again [Song]. On Late Night Feelings. Columbia.
If the composer and recording artist are different: Swift, T. (2016). Better man [Recorded by Little Big Town]. On The Breaker. Capitol.
Single song or track: Beyonce. (2016). Formation [Song]. On Lemonade. Parkwood; Columbia. |
Guidelines
- Specify the format in square brackets after the title, eg. [Audiobook]
- Give the commercial URL of the audiobook supplier, do not use the URL of the individual audiobook
- To directly quote from an audiovisual work (e.g., audiobook), provide a time stamp for the beginning of the quotation in the in-text citation.
In-text Citation
(Author, Year, Timestamp)
References List
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In text example |
References list example |
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In-Text Citation (Young, 2006, 5:10) |
References Young, J. K. (2006). Human anatomy: The beauty of form and function [Audiobook]. https://www.audiobooks.com |